How to convert CRT to PFX

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I have an SSL certificate in .crt format but need it in .pfx format to use with certain applications. What steps should I follow to convert a .crt file to a .pfx file, and are there any tools or commands in Linux that can simplify this process?

Any advice on securely performing this conversion would be helpful.
Nov 13 in Cyber Security & Ethical Hacking by Anupam
• 5,550 points
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1 answer to this question.

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Converting a .crt (Certificate) file to a .pfx (Personal Information Exchange) file involves combining the certificate with its corresponding private key and, optionally, any intermediate certificates, into a single file. The .pfx file is encrypted and password-protected, which adds a layer of security. Below are the steps and tools you can use in a Linux environment to achieve this conversion securely.

Prerequisites:

  1. Private Key File: You need the private key that corresponds to your .crt file. Typically, this is in a .key file (e.g., server.key).
  2. Intermediate Certificates: If your certificate authority (CA) provided intermediate certificates, gather them as well (often in a .crt or .ca-bundle file).
  3. OpenSSL: This is the primary tool for the conversion. Ensure OpenSSL is installed on your Linux system.

Conversion Steps:

1. Verify Your Files

Before conversion, ensure you have:

  • Your Domain Certificate: yourdomain.crt
  • Private Key: yourdomain.key
  • Intermediate Certificates (if any): intermediate.crt or similar

2. Combine Certificate and Private Key

Use OpenSSL to create a .pfx file. If you have intermediate certificates, you'll include them in the chain first.

Without Intermediate Certificates:

openssl pkcs12 -export -out yourdomain.pfx -inkey yourdomain.key -in yourdomain.crt

With Intermediate Certificates: 

First, concatenate your certificate and the intermediate certificates into a single file, then run the export command.

# Concatenate files (order matters: your cert first, then intermediates)
cat yourdomain.crt intermediate1.crt intermediate2.crt > yourdomain_full.crt

# Now export to .pfx
openssl pkcs12 -export -out yourdomain.pfx -inkey yourdomain.key -in yourdomain_full.crt

3. Secure Your .pfx File

  • Set a Strong Password: When prompted during the conversion, set a strong, unique password for your .pfx file. This is crucial for security.
  • Store Securely: Keep your .pfx file in a secure location. Limit access to authorized personnel only.

answered Nov 13 by CaLLmeDaDDY
• 6,630 points

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