Using public and private keys for Blockchain transaction

Question

Assume if you have those keys(Public and private keys)created residing in your laptop/mobile and while initiating a transaction how the keys will be associated with it?

Answer 1

You need to provide the receiver's public key and your private key for initiating the transaction. It will validate if you are an authorized person by checking the correctness of private key. Once it is approved by the Cryptographic algorithm that the given private key is correct. It will now broadcast the message to all the nodes.  The person having a private key whose public key is sent by the sender can only decrypt the message.