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The goal of a Java Random Class is to produce a stream of pseudo-random numbers. Random Class in Java generates random numbers of different data types such as int, float, long, boolean and double. Let us dig a bit deeper and understand the concept in detail.
Below mentioned pointers will be our topics of discussion for this article:
In Java, Random class is a part of java.util package. The generation of random numbers takes place by using an instance of the Java Random Class. This class provides different methods in order to produce random numbers of type integer, double, long, float, etc.
This class contains two constructors that are mentioned below:
Note: Whenever a random number generation process takes place, the seed value is considered. If the seed value is not provided, it gets created from system nano time. If in case 2 random instances possess the same seed value, the same sequence of random numbers will be generated.
Now, let’s check out how a method is used in a Random Class.
Some important methods are:
Method | Functionality |
nextDouble() | Returns the next pseudo-random number that is a double value between the range of 0.0 to 1.0. |
nextBoolean() | Returns the next pseudo-random which is a Boolean value from random number generator sequence |
nextFloat() | Returns the next pseudo-random which is a float value between 0.0 to 1.0 |
nextInt() | Returns the next pseudo-random which is an integer value from random number generator sequence |
nextInt(Int n) | Returns the next pseudo-random which is an integer value between 0 and the specified value from random number generator sequence |
nextBytes(byte[] bytes) | Generates random bytes and places them into a byte array supplied by the user |
Longs() | Returns an unlimited stream of pseudorandom long values |
nextGaussian() | Helps in returning the next pseudo-random, Gaussian (precisely) distributed double value with mean 0.0 and standard deviation 1.0 from this random number generator’s sequence |
There are other methods that are inherited from java.lang.object like: notify, notifyAll, wait, toString, finalise, equals, clone, getClass, and hashCode.
Let’s move forward and see how a java random class is implemented in a Java program.
Here is a basic example to help you understand the concept.
package MyPackage; import java.util.Random; public class JavaRandomExample { public static void main(String[] args) { //create random object Random random= new Random(); //returns unlimited stream of pseudorandom long values System.out.println("Longs value : "+random.longs()); // Returns the next pseudorandom boolean value boolean val = random.nextBoolean(); System.out.println("Random boolean value : "+val); byte[] bytes = new byte[10]; //generates random bytes and put them in an array random.nextBytes(bytes); System.out.print("Random bytes = ( "); for(int i = 0;i<bytes.length; i++) { System.out.printf("%d ", bytes[i]); } System.out.print(")"); } }
Output:
This brings us to the end of this article on Random Class in Java. I hope the content explained above added value to your Java knowledge. We will keep exploring the Java world. Stay tuned!
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