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File is a structure defined in ‘stdio.h’ to handle file operations. Various operations like opening the file reading/writing in a file and closing the file can be done. The above operations can be done as shown below:
To Open a File:
Read/ Write to a File:
The syntax for reading or writing a character is shown below:
Close a File – int fclose(FILE* fp);
#include<stdio.h> int main() { FILE* fp; char ch; fp-fopen(“test.txt”, “r”); do { ch=getc(fp); printf(“%c”,ch); } while(ch !=EOF); fclose(fp); printf(“ ”); system(“PAUSE”); return 0; }
Below is the file ‘test.txt’.
On compiling and running the program, the following output is obtained.
Program – When Trying To Open a File That Does Not Exist:
In case there is no file by name ‘test1’, the program returns the value NULL. In such cases, it needs to return the message “Unable to open the file.”
#include<stdio.h> int main() { FILE* fp; char ch; fp-fopen(“test1.txt”, “r”); if (fp == NULL) { printf(“Unable to open file ”); system(“PAUSE”); Return 0; } do { ch=getc(fp); printf(“%c”,ch); } while(ch !=EOF); fclose(fp); printf(“ ”); system(“PAUSE”); return 0; }
On compiling and running, the output as shown below:
Example 1:
#include<stdio.h> int main() { FILE* fp; char ch; fp-fopen(“test1.txt”, “r”); if (fp == NULL) { printf(“Unable to open file ”); system(“PAUSE”); Return 0; } do { ch=getc(fp); putc(ch,stdout); } while(ch !=EOF); fclose(fp); printf(“ ”); system(“PAUSE”); return 0; }
The output is as shown below;
Example 2:
#include<stdio.h> int main() { FILE* fp1,*fp2; char ch; fp1=fopen(“test1.txt”, “r”); if (fp1 == NULL) { printf(“Unable to open file ”); system(“PAUSE”); Return 0; } fp2=fopen(“dest1.txt”, “w”); if (fp2 == NULL) { printf(“Unable to open file ”); system(“PAUSE”); Return 0; } while((ch =getc(fp1)) != EOF) { putc(ch,fp2); } fclose(fp1); printf(“ ”); system(“PAUSE”); return 0; }
On running and compiling the program, a file with the name ‘dest1’ will be created with the content present in the file ‘test1’, in the folder.
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